[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/macky-v-dejinach-roznych-kultur\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/macky-v-dejinach-roznych-kultur\/","headline":"Ma\u010dky v dejin\u00e1ch r\u00f4znych kult\u00far","name":"Ma\u010dky v dejin\u00e1ch r\u00f4znych kult\u00far","description":"Ak ste si doteraz mysleli, \u017ee sme jedin\u00e9 obyvate\u013estvo, ktor\u00e9 kedy prepadlo l\u00e1skavej ko\u017eu\u0161inke a pradeniu, ste na omyle. U\u017e tis\u00edcky rokov pred nami toti\u017e ma\u010dky ovl\u00e1dli myse\u013e \u010dloveka nato\u013eko, \u017ee boli a\u017e zbo\u017e\u0161ten\u00e9 a n\u00e1sledne nesk\u00f4r pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za dielo samotn\u00e9ho satana.\u00a0 Zo starovekej kult\u00fary s\u00fa n\u00e1m zn\u00e1me vyobrazenia ma\u010diek z malieb, ryt\u00edn a sarkof\u00e1gov. […]","datePublished":"2020-09-07","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a4f7f6499f3b2a0764d0773f1f5d74780987cfbea7e736c0e74f6185bb257971?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a4f7f6499f3b2a0764d0773f1f5d74780987cfbea7e736c0e74f6185bb257971?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"fillau.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a300107_w16602_t1556468115.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a300107_w16602_t1556468115.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/macky-v-dejinach-roznych-kultur\/","about":["Cestovanie"],"wordCount":619,"articleBody":"Ak ste si doteraz mysleli, \u017ee sme jedin\u00e9 obyvate\u013estvo, ktor\u00e9 kedy prepadlo l\u00e1skavej ko\u017eu\u0161inke a pradeniu, ste na omyle. U\u017e tis\u00edcky rokov pred nami toti\u017e ma\u010dky ovl\u00e1dli myse\u013e \u010dloveka nato\u013eko, \u017ee boli a\u017e zbo\u017e\u0161ten\u00e9 a n\u00e1sledne nesk\u00f4r pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za dielo samotn\u00e9ho satana.\u00a0Zo starovekej kult\u00fary s\u00fa n\u00e1m zn\u00e1me vyobrazenia ma\u010diek z malieb, ryt\u00edn a sarkof\u00e1gov. Ale pre\u010do mala samotn\u00e1 ma\u010dka tak\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 postavenie, napr\u00edklad u starovek\u00fdch Egyp\u0165anov?Odpove\u010f sa n\u00e1m dost\u00e1va ihne\u010f a je ve\u013emi praktick\u00e1. \u013duda toti\u017e od prad\u00e1vna pri\u0165ahovali mal\u00e9 hlodavce. Tam kde boli my\u0161i, musia by\u0165 aj ma\u010dky!Egyp\u0165ania si kv\u00f4li nim holili obo\u010die!Nejde len o praktick\u00e9 viazanie Egyp\u0165ana k dom\u00e1cemu zviera\u0165u. Ma\u010dky boli pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za vy\u0161\u0161ie bo\u017estvo, pr\u00ednos \u0161\u0165astia a zdravia do rodiny. Ak v dome ma\u010dka umrela, rodina si musela vyholi\u0165 obo\u010die na znak sm\u00fatenia. \u010cierne ma\u010dky boli pokladan\u00e9 za najposv\u00e4tnej\u0161ie a zabitie akejko\u013evek ma\u010dky bolo trestan\u00e9 smr\u0165ou. Nebolo to len bo\u017estvo ako tak\u00e9. Ma\u010dky malisvoj vlastn\u00fd kult a na \u010dele neho st\u00e1la bohy\u0148a Bastet. Zobrazovan\u00e1 bola bu\u010f s levou hlavou alebo napol \u017eena s ma\u010dacou hlavou. Jej p\u00f4vodn\u00e1 funkcia v\u0161ak bola chr\u00e1ni\u0165 pohrebisk\u00e1. V roku 500 p.n.l. dosiahol ma\u010dac\u00ed kult v Egypte vrchol a Bastet sa pripisovala aj funkcia bohyne mesiaca a plodnosti. N\u00e1sledkom toho cel\u00e9ho s\u00fa dokonca samostatne zabalzamovan\u00e9 ma\u010dacie tel\u00e1 v hrobk\u00e1ch.Artemis a Freya, bohyne s ma\u010dkamiMa\u010dky za \u010dias antick\u00e9ho R\u00edma a Gr\u00e9cka neboli tak ve\u013emi popul\u00e1rne. Artemis bola gr\u00e9cka bohy\u0148a lovu a postupne, s rastom jej kultu, sa jej do\u017ei\u010dil status bohyne plodnosti a mesiaca, rovnako ako \u0161kandin\u00e1vskej bohyni Freyi. Tak\u017ee z\u00edskali druhotn\u00fd atrib\u00fat ma\u010dku. D\u00f4vod bol ten, \u017ee s f\u00e1zami samotn\u00e9ho mesiaca boli sp\u00e1jan\u00e9 zreni\u010dky ma\u010diek, rovnako ako neoblomn\u00e9 materstvo a starostlivos\u0165 o potomkov.V Japonsku kr\u00e1\u013eovn\u00e9, v \u010c\u00edne ne\u0161\u0165astieZ Indie sa ma\u010dky dostali a\u017e do Japonska, kde verili, \u017ee len ony a \u013eudia maj\u00fa du\u0161u. Ochra\u0148ovali rukopisy v chr\u00e1moch pred potkanmi a i. Pod\u013ea povier im prin\u00e1\u0161ala bohatstvo a dlh\u00fd \u017eivot. V \u010c\u00edne ma\u010dku sp\u00e1jali s odpla\u0161en\u00edm chudoby. Tak vznikol ich zvyk stava\u0165 ma\u010dky pred domy a rozve\u0161iava\u0165 ich obrazy po sten\u00e1ch. Taktie\u017e pr\u00e1ve v \u010c\u00edne vznikla povera, \u017ee \u010dierna ma\u010dka prin\u00e1\u0161a ne\u0161\u0165astie.Ma\u010dka- pomocn\u00edk diablaStredovek, pr\u00e1ve v tomto obdob\u00ed sa n\u00e1m dost\u00e1va ve\u013ea povier a negat\u00edvneho vn\u00edmania o ma\u010dk\u00e1ch ako tak\u00fdch. Upa\u013eovanie mlad\u00fdch \u017eien a diev\u010dat bolo samozrejme spojovan\u00e9 aj s upa\u013eovan\u00edm \u010diernych ma\u010diek. Ma\u010dky v tomto obdob\u00ed brali ako pomocn\u00edkoch pekiel a n\u00e1stroj prevte\u013eovanie sa zl\u00fdch duchov. Verilo sa, \u017ee ma\u010dky po dov\u0155\u0161en\u00ed dvadsiateho roku sa premenia na mlad\u00e9 diev\u010dat\u00e1 a naopak star\u00e9 \u017eeny na ma\u010dky.V 16. a 17. storo\u010d\u00ed sa ma\u010dka prep\u00e1jala dokonca aj s up\u00edrmi. Kedy mala by\u0165 prepojen\u00e1 s m\u0155tvymi a sama ich meni\u0165 na up\u00edrov.Ka\u017edop\u00e1dne, dne\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy poukazuj\u00fa pr\u00e1ve na fakt, \u017ee ma\u010dky s\u00fa st\u00e1le ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm dom\u00e1cim mil\u00e1\u010dikom. M\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee stredovek im dodal d\u00e1vku mystiky a starovek bo\u017esk\u00e9 predpoklady, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1s st\u00e1le ohromuj\u00fa.\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ma\u010dky v dejin\u00e1ch r\u00f4znych kult\u00far","item":"https:\/\/www.fillau.sk\/macky-v-dejinach-roznych-kultur\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]